Mmw 13 Notes

SAFAVID EMPIRE Key centralise 1) The Ottoman (Sunni)-Safavid (Shiite) split in Dar al-Islam 2) Safavids use of religious extremism to inspire a following and forge an empire 3) Transition from heterodox political orientation to Jewish-Orthodox theocracy under Shah Abbas I) The Safavid Rise to Power in Persia 3 empires dominated by presence of Islam M2oguls in India, Ottoman pudding stone, and Safavids a) Ismail and the Messianic Ideology of the Qizilbash (warriors passing heads their turbans) i) How did a 14 year-old establish a dynasty? Led Turkish army to capture an Iranian city it was already a vulnerable contribution envisioned a utopian Islamic military personnel (1) Claim line from 13th century Sufi leaderSafi al-Din (2) Reincarnation of the hidden 12th Imam of Shia Islam (3) Claim of divinity as the God-shah ?maybe conversion of Allah himself ii) Sufi belief in the transmission of mystical powers maybe a redeemer figure iii) Qizilbash fanaticism sometimes went into battle unarmed believed Ismails power could save em the to a greater extent extreme their behavior, the more they showed their truety to Ismail b) The Safavid-Ottoman Conflict Safavids were intent on ventilation their Qizibash religions i) Clash of Heterodoxy vs. Orthodoxy (1) Safavids intent on spreading their Sufi/Shiite ideology ? Ottomans had control over Mecca ?Safavid discouraged pilgrimage to Mecca to undermine Ottomans rule (2) Ottoman Selim the Grims claim as the exterminator of idolators ? referring to Safavid ?made it his primary goal to eliminate Safavid (3) Battle of Chaldiran (Kaldi-ran) 1514 ?slave armies were redoubted used firmarms ?forced to retreated to center of their empire ii) Geopolitical consequences 1) abatement of the MediterraneanMiddle Eastern commercial network iii) Changes in Safavid Policies (1) bankers acceptance of more conservative brand of Imamite Shia II) Safavid Consolidation under Shah Abbas I (r. 1588-1629) a) Securing the Empire oAdopte d Shia Imam/not so extreme ofanaticism is intelligent for red ink to power, but not conservative o1588 o1590, established impressive i) Military reorganisation reorganized army (1) Ghulam system ?recruited much better organized and loyal army (2) Alliances with Europeans to counter Ottoman advance ?first, with Portuguese, but almost perpetually about arms i) Promote commerce (1) New capital in Isfahan as a cosmopolitan center of trade ? openly invited Euro and Asian merchants and Christian missionaires ? became incredibly worldy and diverse ?to see Isfahan is to see half the world (2) Secured trade routes within the Safavid realm b) Pragmatic ruler both feared and love i) Ruler in the Machiavellian vein? he did everything ideal of Machiavellian prince (1) Pragmatist not ideologue ?skilled in statecraft and diplomacy ? refinement eye on suspicious stuff ?very hands-on ?good on theological discourse (2) Manipulation of his public imageShah of the deal ? ffect sovereign must proje ct to his people to be feared and loved ? extremely visible mingled with the common people ?made it a point to be humble and scruple wore simple linens not silks (3) More feared than loved? ? contend no favorites ?no patience for flatterers ?ruled effectively and decisively ii) spectral Policies (1) Father Simons report to Pope Paul V in 1605 (2) Purged of the Qizilbash iii) Symptoms of decline after Shah Abbas (1) Increasing intolerance towards other Muslim sects (2) greater persecution of non-Muslims Shia imam was more tolerated even Sunnis were persecuted .